Organic waste is released everywhere with human settlement. The main forms of organic wastes are domestic food wastes, agricultural wastes, human and animal wastes. The amount of organic waste produced in countries where the population of the industry is dense, increases significantly every year.
Organic wastes;
Domestic Wastes
This type of waste is the waste that comes out of houses or from companies that provide services for the household and industrial factories. These consist of cooked or uncooked food leftovers and grass cuttings or garden waste. The places where this type of wastes are not come out of from the household but more in quantity are generally places such as schools, hotels, cafes, restaurants and food factories.
Agricultural Wastes
Waste that left over in the field or garden after processing of crops is called agricultural waste. Especially in domestic waste plants where municipal waste is separated, organic waste is released by separating the packaging waste that has a economic value can be utilized in two ways.
- Compost – Fertilizer
Composting is the conversion of organic matter such as biological treatment plant mud, forest –field waste , paper and its derivatives and food waste into a valuable structure very similar to soil by means of microorganisms. With the addition of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium (N, P, K) to the compost, it is possible to obtain premium quality fertilizer.
- Biogas
Biogas is produced by anaerobic (oxygen-free) digestion of organic materials such as sewage mud, animal waste and domestic solid waste. Sustainable clean energy carrier biogas is one of the most promising renewable energy sources in the world, as it is an important source of energy in heat and electricity generation. Biogas are produced by anaerobic digestion of organic materials such as fertilizer, domestic waste , sewage mud, biodegradable wastes and agricultural slurry under anaerobic conditions with the help of microorganisms. Biogas consists of Methane (55-75%), Carbondioxide (25-45%), Nitrogen (0-5%), Hydrogen (0-1%), Hydrogen Sulphide (0-1%) and Oxygen (0-2%).